#Map of chicago 1930 download#

Gentrification probably occurred in the HOLC “Hazardous” graded areas because of decades of depressed home values. Gentrification is associated with greater economic change in the HOLC highest-risk, “Hazardous” neighborhoods and higher levels of interaction between black and white residents, but also greater economic inequality in cities. Gentrification is related to some lessening of segregation,īut also with increased economic inequality Minority residents also tend to be more clustered in neighborhoods of cities where there were more HOLC higher-risk or “Hazardous” neighborhoods. Both black and Hispanic residents of hypersegregated cities are unevenly distributed and have lower levels of interaction with non-Hispanic whites. This could indicate that cities with less change in the racial and ethnic structure of their neighborhoods over the past 80 years have greater economic inequality today.Ĭities where more of the HOLC high-risk graded “Hazardous” neighborhoods are mostly minority are associated with “hypersegregation”. To a lesser extent this is also true of cities where more of the HOLC low-risk or “Desirable” areas have remained white. There is significantly greater economic inequality in cities where more of the HOLC graded high-risk or “Hazardous” areas are currently minority neighborhoods. Additionally, most of the HOLC graded “Hazardous” areas (nearly 64%) are minority neighborhoods now. Most of the neighborhoods (74%) that the HOLC graded as high-risk or “Hazardous” eight decades ago are low-to-moderate income (LMI) today. Redlining buttressed the segregated structure of American cities. The economic and racial segregation created by “redlining” persists in many cities This study examines how neighborhoods were evaluated for lending risk by the HOLC, and compares their recent social and economic conditions with city-level measures of segregation and economic inequality. (Source: Mapping Inequality Project, University of Richmond)

Reversing the red lines: Disinvestment in America’s citiesĮxample of the original 1938 HOLC “Residential Security” map of Atlanta with color-coded gradation of neighborhoods by risk level.

How 1930s discrimination shaped inequality in today’s cities.

#Map of chicago 1930 download#

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Neighborhoods considered high risk or “Hazardous” were often “redlined” by lending institutions, denying them access to capital investment which could improve the housing and economic opportunity of residents. These maps document how loan officers, appraisers and real estate professionals evaluated mortgage lending risk during the era immediately before the surge of suburbanization in the 1950’s. The USGS Store website offers map downloads and sells prints of map files, including USGS maps and publications that are not included in either the US Topo series or HTMC.Eighty years ago, a federal agency, the Home Owners’ Loan Corporation (HOLC), created “Residential Security” maps of major American cities.

The topoView application provides a visual overview of the HTMC and serves maps in additional formats. The National Map Download Client is the primary portal for finding and downloading maps and other data products of the USGS National Geospatial Program.

Today, the HTMC contains over 185,000 high-resolution, georeferenced digital files, with accompanying metadata, representing these legacy maps. Many of these maps are no longer available for distribution in print. In 2011, the USGS National Geospatial Program began publishing scans of 1:250,000-scale and larger topographic maps printed between 1884, the inception of the topographic mapping program, and 2006, when the final maps created using traditional cartographic methods and lithographic printing processes were published. Geological Survey (USGS) printed topographic maps that is easily discovered, browsed, and downloaded by the public at no cost. The Historical Topographic Map Collection, or HTMC, provides a comprehensive digital repository of all scales and all editions of U.S.